EcoCyc: Encyclopedia of E. coli Genes and Metabolism

Bioinformatics Architect: Peter D. Karp, Ph.D., SRI
Editor-in-Chief: Monica Riley, Ph.D., Marine Biological Laboratory
Transport Area Editors: Milton Saier, Ph.D., UC San Diego and Ian Paulsen, Ph.D., UC San Diego

To access the EcoCyc WWW Server you must have an EcoCyc account:

Project Overview

EcoCyc is a bioinformatics database that describes the genome and the biochemical machinery of E. coli. The long-term goal of the project is to describe the molecular catalog of the E. coli cell, as well as the functions of each of its molecular parts, to facilitate a system-level understanding of E. coli.

EcoCyc is an electronic reference source for E. coli biologists, and for biologists who work with related microorganisms. Scientists can use the Pathway/Genome Navigator user interface within EcoCyc to visualize the layout of genes within the E. coli chromosome, or of an individual biochemical reaction, or of a complete biochemical pathway (with compound structures displayed). The navigation capabilities of the software allow a user to move from a display of an enzyme to a display of a reaction that the enzyme catalyzes, or to the gene that encodes the enzyme. The interface also supports a variety of queries, such as generating a display of the map positions of all genes that code for enzymes within a given biochemical pathway. As well as being used as a reference source to look up individual facts, EcoCyc supports computational studies of the metabolism, such as design of novel biochemical pathways for biotechnology, studies of the evolution of metabolic pathways, and simulation of metabolic pathways. EcoCyc is also used for computer-based education in biochemistry.

EcoCyc describes all known metabolic pathways and signal-transduction pathways of E. coli. It describes each metabolic enzyme of E. coli, including its cofactors, activators, inhibitors, and subunit structure. When known, the genes encoding the subunits of an enzyme are listed, as well as the map position of a gene on the E. coli chromosome. The project is also annotating E. coli transport proteins, as well as all tRNAs. The database tracks the ongoing functional identifications of E. coli genes that are reported in the literature.

 EcoCyc is linked to other biological databases containing protein and nucleic-acid sequence data, bibliographic data, protein structures, and descriptions of different E. coli strains. In addition, the Pathway Tools software that underlies EcoCyc is not specific to E. coli, but has been applied to manage genomic and biochemical data for a variety of organisms.

"EcoCyc" is pronounced "eeko-sike". It sounds like "eclipse" and like "encyclopedia".

DoubleTwist, Inc. is the exclusive world-wide distributor of EcoCyc, MetaCyc, and Pathway tools.

EcoCyc Publications

If you use EcoCyc in your research, we ask that you cite the following publication:

Karp, P., Riley, M., Paley, S., Pellegrini-Toole, A., Krummenacker, M.
EcoCyc: Electronic Encyclopedia of E. coli Genes and Metabolism,
Nucleic Acids Research, 27(1):55 1999.

Additional EcoCyc publications:

Karp, P.D., Krummenacker, M., Paley, S., and Wagg, J. (1999, in press)
Integrated pathway/genome databases and their role in drug discovery,
Trends in Biotechnology.

Karp, P.D., (1999, in press)
EcoCyc: The Resource and the Lessons Learned,
Kluwer Academic Publishers.

P. Karp and S. Paley
Integrated access to metabolic and genomic data,
Journal of Computational Biology, 3(1):191-212 1996.

P. Karp and M. Riley
"Representations of metabolic knowledge,"
in Proceedings of the First International Conference on Intelligent Systems for Molecular Biology (L. Hunter, D. Searls, and J. Shavlik, eds.), (Menlo Park, CA), pp. 207-215, AAAI Press, 1993.

P. Karp and S. Paley
"Representations of metabolic knowledge: Pathways,"
in Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Intelligent Systems for Molecular Biology (Altman, R. and Brutlag, D. and Karp, P. and Lathrop, R. and Searls, D. eds.), (Menlo Park, CA), AAAI Press, 1994.

Funding Sources

EcoCyc is partly funded by grant 1-R01-RR07861-01 from the Comparative Medicine program at the NIH National Center for Research Resources. The computer-science research on the frame knowledge representation system that underlies EcoCyc was funded by grant R29-LM-05413-01A1 from the NIH National Library of Medicine.

Sources of Downloaded Information

EcoCyc contains information that was downloaded from several sources. Those sources are as follows. Our Nucleic Acids Research paper describes in more detail what data was downloaded.
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