The 48 projectile points outlining the seal symbolize the tribe's protection within the 48 states (as of 1952). The opening at the top to the three concetric lines is considered the east; the lines represent a rainbows and the sovereignty of the Navajo Nation. The rainbow never closes on the tribe's sovereighn immunity. The outside line is red, the middle yellow and the inside is blue.
The yellow sun shines from the
east on the four mountains sacred to the Navajos. Theses, located at cardinal points, are in there ceremonial colors: White in the east represents White-Shell Woman; Blue in the south represents Turquoise Woman; Yellow to the west represents Abalone Woman; and Black to the north represents Jet Black Woman.
Two green corn plants, symbolic as the sustainer of the Navajo life, decorate the bottom of the seal, with tips of yellow pollen which is used in many Navajo ceremonies. In the center are a sheep, a horse and a cow, all symbolizing the Navajo livestock industry.
In May 1988, the Navajo Nation council amended the orginal wording from the Great Seal of the Navajo Tribe to the Great Seal of the Navajo Nation. They also increased the number of arrowheads to 50 to include representation of the states of Hawaii and Alaska.