Subject: Salween mafia editorial
     The Nation
      Fri, Feb 20, 1998
      Editorial

      Logging

      mafia rules in Mae

      Hong Son

      For several years now, Thailand has
      suffered from a collective blindness to
      the rampant illegal logging in the
      Salween conservation areas.
      Suddenly, the exposure of an
      attempted Bt5 million bribe seems to
      have opened the public's eyes.

      It is about time. At least 13,000 logs
      have been confiscated from the area,
      and who knows how many thousands
      more were ferried across the
      Salween, stamped by Burmese
      authorities and then ''exported'' to
      Thailand, where they were allowed to
      pass through customs and be picked
      up by Thai logging firms.

      Everyone knew what was going on --
      the scheme has been
      well-documented in the press -- and
      everyone knew who was behind it.
      But it was allowed to continue
      because the authorities who had the
      power to stop it either did not care or
      were reaping the benefits of such
      illegal activities. Meanwhile, lesser
      officials who might have blown the
      whistle were either murdered or
      threatened into remaining silent.

      The destruction of Thai forests is
      only part of the story here. For far too
      long now, the logging mafia has ruled
      Mae Hong Son with a brutal hand,
      bribing all manner of officials to look
      the other way and gunning down
      anyone who stands in its way.

      What is more, several years ago, the
      godfather behind the Salween
      scheme essentially instigated a war
      between the Slorc and the Karenni
      National Progressive Party, a minority
      group which had signed a ceasefire
      with Burma's ruling military junta, by
      illicitly importing logs from Burma's
      Kayah State.

      Hopefully, the political storm brewing
      over the attempted bribe will not
      prevent this logging tycoon -- one of
      the most vicious thugs in Thailand --
      from finally being brought to justice,
      along with his political and military
      backers.

      But that should not be the end of the
      story. Even if the Salween log
      poaching scheme is finally shut
      down, a new one will simply take its
      place unless there is serious
      institutional reform.

      This illegal logging scheme could not
      have occurred without the complicity
      of law enforcers and all the Interior
      Ministry officials who allowed the logs
      to be ''imported''. The Interior Ministry
      repeatedly refused calls to close the
      checkpoints and even increased the
      number of licences for log importing
      companies last year.

      The Salween scandal also
      demonstrates once again that the
      Royal Forestry Department (RFD) is
      hopelessly corrupt.

      If Prime Minister Chuan Leekpai is
      serious about wanting to protect
      Thailand's forests, then he must
      finally see to it that the conservation
      agencies are moved out of the RFD
      once and for all. Our forests will
      never be protected so long as they
      remain in the clutches of a
      bureaucracy which produces leaders
      like deputy director general Prawat
      Thanadka, the man caught holding
      the bribe money.

      It is also time to take a close look at
      the Forest Industry Organisation
      (FIO). Senate Speaker Meechai
      Ruchupan was absolutely correct in
      his accusation that this state
      enterprise essentially launders
      illegally cut logs, thereby providing an
      insidious incentive for yet more log
      poaching.

      Ideally, trees cut down in
      conservation areas -- either illegally
      or to make way for development
      projects -- should be allowed to
      degrade in the forest, where they will
      be naturally ''recycled'', but they
      would probably just be stolen. If the
      logs are to be sold, however, then the
      money should be used to support
      forest conservation, not the FIO.

      The state enterprise should instead
      be privatised. Of course, it stands
      little chance of surviving on its own,
      but so be it. Our economy and our
      forests can no longer afford to serve
      as a welfare fund for a bunch of
      ageing bureaucrats.

      With every logging scandal, there
      come loud calls to protect the forest.
      But once the usual political points are
      scored, the calls go unanswered, and
      the logging continues. Will this time
      be any different?
 
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