Subject: No action by Yadana committee
      The Nation
      Thurs, Feb 26, 1998

 No action by Yadana committee

      by JAMES FAHN and  PENNAPA HONGTHONG

 THE national committee set 
      up to review the Yadana 
      gas pipeline yesterday 
      declined to recommend that 
      the project be delayed or 
      the route be altered and 
      instead suggested the 
      government solve the 
      problems surrounding it. 

      The committee, chaired by 
      former prime minister 
      Anand Panyarachun, 
      criticised the project's lack 
      of transparency and its 
      environmental survey. 

      Claiming the committee had 
      no mandate to review the 
      economic, energy and 
      foreign policy decisions 
      which led to the pipeline 
      being approved five years 
      ago, the panel limited its 
      short-term 
      recommendations to the 
      establishment of a 
      subcommittee which will 
      monitor the project's 
      impacts and add necessary 
      data to the environmental 
      impact assessment (EIA). 

      In the long term, it 
      recommended that the area 
      around the Huay Khayeng 
      forest reserve -- a 1A 
      watershed forest and home 
      for endangered wildlife 
      through which the pipeline 
      will transport natural gas 
      from Burma's Yadana field 
      -- be declared a wildlife 
      sanctuary. 

      ''The project's 
      decision-making is not 
      transparent, and the EIA 
      was conducted without 
      public participation. 
      Instead, there was only 
      public relations,'' the 
      committee's report states. It 
      adds that the project's 
      owner, the Petroleum 
      Authority of Thailand (PTT), 
      did not pay attention to the 
      impact construction would 
      have on human rights, 
      communities and the 
      environment. 

      ''It [the PTT] adheres to the 
      old paradigm that the 
      power of a state agency is 
      above the rights and 
      freedom of the people,'' it 
      said. 

      Piti Yimprasert, president of 
      the PTT's gas division, 
      responded yesterday that 
      his agency had revealed 
      enough information to the 
      public. 

      ''What is the definition of 
      'public'?'' he asked. ''If it 
      only refers to villagers 
      affected by the project, 
      then I insist that we have 
      given them enough 
      information, and more than 
      90 per cent of them agree 
      with construction. If anyone 
      wants me to talk with the 
      Burmese people, I cannot 
      because it isn't my 
      business.'' 

      The committee also raised 
      questions about the 
      manner in which EIAs in 
      general are carried out and 
      approved, and suggested 
      the process be reviewed. It 
      proposed that the 
      government improve laws 
      related to the 
      decision-making process of 
      mega-projects, stipulating 
      there must be public 
      participation prior to 
      approval. The government 
      should also establish an 
      information centre where 
      the public and the press 
      can collect information 
      about any development 
      project. 

      ''The entire committee 
      agrees that the conflict 
      surrounding the pipeline 
      project was caused by a 
      lack of information, so the 
      government must learn 
      from this case that it must 
      distribute information and 
      hold public hearings before 
      approving any project,'' 
      Anand said. 

      There was also a 
      consensus among the 
      committee members that 
      the project's EIA was 
      carried out poorly. 

      ''In our report, we state 
      quite clearly that we are not 
      satisfied with the Yadana 
      project's EIA or the EIA 
      process in general because 
      it lacks public participation, 
      and the information about 
      the forest and its wildlife is 
      incomplete,'' said 
      committee member 
      Mingsarn Khaosa-ard of the 
      Thailand Development 
      Research Institute. 

      Committee spokesman 
      Kaewsan Atipho said it will 
      recommend to Prime 
      Minister Chuan Leekpai that 
      a new subcommittee be set 
      up to monitor the project's 
      environmental impacts as a 
      replacement for the existing 
      provincial subcommittee, 
      which is comprised mostly 
      of government officials. 

      ''The subcommittee can ask 
      the Prime Minister to order 
      a halt to construction if it 
      feels the impact on the 
      environment becomes too 
      great,'' he said. 

      The committee also 
      proposed the government 
      must urge the PTT to repair 
      the homes of villagers 
      affected by construction 
      and compensate them as 
      quickly as possible. 

      Along with holding a press 
      conference at Government 
      House, the committee met 
      with Chuan yesterday to 
      pass on their report. A final 
      decision on the project 
      rests with the Cabinet. 

      The prime minister said the 
      government would try to 
      make a decision concerning 
      the project this week. 

      Piphob Dhongchai, head of 
      the Campaign for Popular 
      Democracy and a leading 
      pipeline opponent, said the 
      protesters who have 
      blockaded construction at 
      KP27 of the pipeline route 
      will close down the camp 
      one day after the premier 
      announces the 
      government's decision. 

      ''We accept any decision 
      from the government, but I 
      hope it will suspend 
      construction in the forest 
      until the new 
      [sub]committee has found a 
      way to reduce the 
      environmental impact,'' 
      Piphob said. 

      ''I don't understand why the 
      government and the PTT 
      want to rush construction, 
      because Egat's Ratchaburi 
      power plant might be not 
      completed by July 1'', the 
      day it is due to start 
      receiving gas from the 
      pipeline. 

      Speaking about the 
      committee's attempt to 
      review the mega-project in 
      the space of 10 days, 
      Anand explained that ''this 
      has not been an easy 
      process, but we hope that 
      each side will emerge a 
      winner''. 

      The conservationists and 
      human rights activists who 
      oppose the project, 
      however, were clearly 
      disappointed by the 
      decision not to alter the 
      project. Afterwards, they sat 
      around the conference 
      room, seemingly stunned 
      and mystified by the 
      committee's reasoning. 

      Pipob Udomittipong, a 
      pipeline critic from the 
      Kalayanamitra Council, said 
      the committee's stance 
      contained many ''big flaws''. 

      ''They said the EIA is not 
      satisfactory, and that 
      means there should be a 
      proposal to re-do it. But 
      they just want to set up a 
      subcommittee to add more 
      information to it,'' he said. 
      ''This suggests they don't 
      care about the elephants 
      [who have been affected by 
      the pipeline] but only the 
      project itself. 

      ''The impact on the 
      elephants is an urgent 
      issue, but they don't 
      recommend any short-term 
      measures to address it. 
      Instead, they say the area 
      should become a wildlife 
      sanctuary in the long term, 
      but by then the elephants 
      may be dead.'' 

      One suggested alternative 
      solution was to change the 
      route of the pipeline so that 
      it follows the road to Ban 
      I-Tong, where the pipeline 
      will cross into Thailand, 
      rather than pass through 
      the forest. But committee 
      member Suraphol Sudara 
      said that would not be 
      feasible. 

      ''The route selected was the 
      one which causes the least 
      damage to the forest. To 
      lay the pipeline along the 
      road would also cause 
      damage as the road is very 
      curvy and the mountainside 
      would need to be blasted in 
      several areas,'' said the 
      Chulalongkorn lecturer. ''It 
      would also necessitate a 
      big delay in the project and 
      increase expenses 
      significantly.'' 

      Pipob said it was unfair of 
      the committee to reject the 
      economic and energy policy 
      arguments offered by 
      opponents, while accepting 
      the PTT's claims 
      concerning the alternative 
      route's engineering 
      problems without even 
      going to the site for 
      verification. 

      ''The committee says the 
      public should have access 
      to information, but even the 
      committee itself could not 
      get information from most 
      government agencies,'' 
      Pipob added. ''All in all, the 
      implications of the 
      measures proposed by the 
      committee reflects a hidden 
      agenda that the pipeline 
      must be built.''

  1