Q: What are the three most significant factors motivating Malcolm X's understanding of race relations (between blacks and whites)?

The first most significant factor, as in all of our lives, is the influence of our family. The way our parents perceive the world is the first way in which we experience the world. Malcolm's parents were racist, and in more than one way. His father followed the teaching of Marcus Garvey by preaching that the black people should return to Africa so that they could be independent of whites. (Even though he himself never even attempted to get his own family to move to Africa.) With his words, Malcolm's father showed one side of racism: blacks are equal to whites. With his actions though, he showed another side of racism: lighter skin means privilege. His father would beat all of Malcolm's siblings, but not Malcolm because he was the lightest skinned of all the children.

Malcolm's mother also attributed to his understanding and confusion. She was a mix of West Indian and white; and hated every drop of white blood that ran through her body. When she looked at her pale black/red son, she was reminded of that anger and as a result beat him more than her other children.

A second factor with strong influence was that of his siblings and peers. During his childhood, most of Malcolm's peers where white children, and they had learned to treat black children the same way their parents did, as inferior. When loosing a boxing match to a white boy, his friends and siblings were embarrassed. This type of racism is still around today: blacks are better at sports so should never loose to a white. The behavior of his brothers contributed to Malcolm's understanding of race relations. It taught him that even though whites are "superior" at everything else, he should be "black" enough to beat them at boxing.

A third significant factor was his teachers and other white adults. His history teacher acted as though being black was some sad joke. His english teacher told Malcolm to "be realistic about being a nigger". The white couple that ran the detention home he was in talked about him as though he were nothing more than a decorative centerpiece. He said he thought all whites treated blacks as if they were trivial.

By the time Malcolm was a teenager, he understood race relations to be a game of power and prowess. A game where the same race was always the winner, and both races played the game in such a way to keep the outcome the same.

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