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"A faith that can not survive collision with the truth is not worth many regrets" - Arthur C. Clarke |
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"A faith that can not survive collision with the truth is not worth many regrets" - Arthur C. Clarke |
This is a list of inventors and discoverers (not necessarily Christians) who worked fundamentally from a biblical worldview
. . . with virtually no one who subscribed to an eastern, pantheist or animist worldview (to my knowledge).
Can this list be construed to imply that Europeans or Americans are more intelligent that Asians or Africans?
...Not at all! ...That would be a ridiculous and repugnant notion.
---But it is the worldview (along with a measure of intellectual freedom) which makes all the difference.
A portion of the discoverers in the list subscribed to the Naturalist worldview, and their view of nature by itself largely agrees with the biblical worldview.
In summary, the biblical view of the natural order is:
|
| Date | Invention or Discovery | Inventor or Discoverer | Nationality |
| 1250 | Magnifying glass | Roger Bacon | English |
| 1450 | Printing press | Johann Gutenberg | German |
| 1504 | Pocket watch | Peter Henlein | German |
| 1590 | Compound microscope | Zacharias Janssen | Dutch |
| 1593 | Water thermometer | Galileo | Italian |
| 1608 | Telescope | Hans Lippershey | Dutch |
| 1625 | Blood transfusion | Jean-Baptiste Denys | French |
| 1629 | Steam turbine | Giovanni Branca | Italian |
| 1642 | Adding machine | Blaise Pascal | French |
| 1643 | Barometer | Evangelista Torricelli | Italian |
| 1650 | Air pump | Otto von Guericke | German |
| 1656 | Pendulum clock | Christiaan Huygens | Dutch |
| 1661 | Methanol. - Volume, pressure, temperature relation in gases. | Robert Boyle | Irish |
| 1668 | Reflecting telescope | Isaac Newton | English |
| 1671 | Calculating machine | Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz | German |
| 1683 | Bacteria | Anton van Leeuwenhoek | Dutch |
| 1687 | Motion, Laws of | Isaac Newton | English |
| 1698 | Steam pump | Thomas Savery | English |
| 1701 | Seed drill | Jethro Tull | English |
| 1710 | Piano | Bartolomeo Cristofori | Italian |
| 1712 | Steam engine | Thomas Newcomen | British |
| 1714 | Mercury thermometer | Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit | German |
| 1717 | Diving bell | Edmund Halley | English |
| 1725 | Stereotyping | William Ged | Scottish |
| 1745 | Leyden jar (condenser) | E.G. von Kleist | German |
| 1752 | Lightning rod | Benjamin Franklin | American |
| 1758 | Achromatic lens | John Dollond | British |
| 1759 | Marine chronometer | John Harrison | British |
| 1764 | Spinning jenny | James Hargreaves | British |
| 1769 | Spinning frame | R. Arkwright | English |
| 1769 | Steam engine (with separate condenser) | James Watt | British |
| 1775 | Submarine | David Bushnell | American |
| 1780 | Steel pen | Samuel Harrison | English |
| 1780 | Bifocal lens | Benjamin Franklin | American |
| 1783 | Balloon, hot-air | Joseph Michel Montgolfier and Jacques Étienne Montgolfier | French |
| 1784 | Threshing machine | Andrew Meikle | British |
| 1785 | Power loom | Edmund Cartwright | British |
| 1786 | Steamboat | John Fitch | American |
| 1788 | Flyball governor | James Watt | British |
| 1791 | Gas turbine | John Barber | British |
| 1792 | Illuminating gas | William Murdock | Scottish |
| 1793 | Cotton gin | Eli Whitney | American |
| 1795 | Hydraulic press | Joseph Bramah | English |
| 1796 | Lithography | Aloys Senefelder | German |
| 1796 | Smallpox vaccination | Edward Jenner | British |
| 1799 | Fourdrinier machine (papermaking) | Louis Robert | French |
| 1800 | Jacquard loom | Joseph Marie Jacquard | French |
| 1800 | Electric battery | Count Alessandro Volta | Italian |
| 1801 | Pattern loom | Joseph Marie Jacquard | French |
| 1804 | Screw propeller | John Stevens | American |
| 1804 | Solid-fuel rocket | William Congreve | British |
| 1804 | Steam locomotive | Richard Trevithick | British |
| 1805 | Electroplating | Luigi Gasparo Brugnatelli | Italian |
| 1810 | Food preservation (by sterilization & air-exclusion) | François Appert | French |
| 1810 | Printing press | Frederick Koenig | German |
| 1814 | Railroad locomotive | George Stephenson | British |
| 1815 | Safety lamp | Sir Humphry Davy | British |
| 1816 | Bicycle (no pedals) | Karl D. Sauerbronn | German |
| 1819 | Stethoscope | René Théophile-Hyacinthe Laënnec | French |
| 1820 | Hygrometer | J.F. Daniell | English |
| 1820 | Galvanometer | Johann Salomo Cristoph Schweigger | German |
| 1821 | Electric motor | Michael Faraday | British |
| 1823 | Silicon | Jöns Jakob Berzelius | Swedish |
| 1823 | Electromagnet | William Sturgeon | British |
| 1824 | Portland cement | Joseph Aspdin | British |
| 1827 | Friction match | John Walker | British |
| 1829 | Typewriter | W.A. Burt | American |
| 1829 | Braille printing | Louis Braille | French |
| 1830 | Platform scales | Thaddeus Fairbanks | American |
| 1830 | Sewing machine | Barthélemy Thimonnier | French |
| 1831 | Phosphorus match | Charles Sauria | French |
| 1831 | Reaper | Cyrus Hall McCormick | American |
| 1831 | Dynamo | Michael Faraday | British |
| 1834 | Electric streetcar | Thomas Davenport | American |
| 1835 | Pistol (revolver) | Samuel Colt | American |
| 1837 | Telegraph | Samuel Finley Breese Morse Sir Charles Wheatstone | American British |
| 1838 | Morse code | Samuel Finley Breese Morse | American |
| 1839 | Photography | Louis-Jacques-Mandé Daguerre Joseph Nicéphore Niepceand William Henry Fox Talbot | FrenchBritish |
| 1839 | Vulcanized rubber | Charles Goodyear | American |
| 1839 | Steam hammer | James Nasmyth | Scottish |
| 1839 | Bicycle (with pedals) | Kirkpatrick MacMillan | British |
| 1845 | Pneumatic tire | Robert William Thompson | American |
| 1846 | Rotary printing press | Richard March Hoe | American |
| 1846 | Nitroglycerin | Ascanio Sobrero | Italian |
| 1846 | Guncotton | Christian Friedrich Schönbein | German |
| 1846 | Ether | Crawford Williamson Long | American |
| 1849 | Reinforced concrete | F.J. Monier | French |
| 1849 | Safety pin | Walter Hunt | American |
| 1849 | Water turbine | James Bicheno Francis | American |
| 1850 | Refrigerator | Alexander Twining & James Harrison | American & Australian |
| 1850 | Mercerized cotton | John Mercer | British |
| 1851 | Breech-loading rifle | Edward Maynard | American |
| 1851 | Opthalmoscope | Hermann Ludwig Ferdinand von Helmholtz | German |
| 1852 | Nonrigid airship | Henri Giffard | French |
| 1852 | Elevator (with brake) | Elisha Graves Otis | American |
| 1852 | Gyroscope | Jean Bernard Léon Foucault | French |
| 1855 | Hypodermic syringe | Alexander Wood | Scottish |
| 1855 | Safety matches | J.E. Lundstrom | Swedish |
| 1856 | Bessemer converter (steel) | Sir Henry Bessemer | British |
| 1858 | Harvester | Charles and William Marsh | American |
| 1859 | Spectroscope | Gustav Robert Kirchhoff and Robert Wilhelm Bunsen | German |
| 1860 | Internal-combustion engine (gas, two-cycle) | Sadi Carnot (theory, 1824) Jean-Joseph-Étienne Lenoir | French |
| 1861 | Web-fed newspaper printing press | Richard March Hoe | American |
| 1861 | Electric furnace | Wilhelm Siemens | British |
| 1861 | Machine gun | Richard Jordan Gatling | American |
| 1861 | Kinematoscope | Coleman Sellers | American |
| 1865 | Heredity, Laws of | Gregor Mendel | Austrian |
| 1865 | Antiseptic surgery | Joseph Lister | English |
| 1866 | Paper (from wood pulp, sulfite process) | Benjamin Chew Tilghman | American |
| 1866 | Dynamite | Alfred Bernhard Nobel | Swedish |
| 1868 | Dry cell | Georges Leclanché | French |
| 1868 | Typewriter | Carlos Glidden and Christopher Latham Sholes | American |
| 1868 | Air brake | George Westinghouse | American |
| 1870 | Celluloid | John Wesley Hyatt and Isaiah Hyatt | American |
| 1871 | Continuous current dynamo | Zénobe-Théophile Gramme | Belgian |
| 1874 | Quadruplex telegraph | Thomas Alva Edison | American |
| 1875 | Atomated Machine-oiler | Elijah McCoy, the "Real McCoy" | Canadian |
| 1876 | Germ theory of disease | Louis Pasteur (1859)and Robert Koch | FrenchGerman |
| 1876 | Telephone | Alexander Graham Bell | American |
| 1877 | Internal-combustion engine (four-cycle) | Nikolaus August Otto | German |
| 1877 | Talking machine (phonograph) | Thomas Alva Edison | American |
| 1877 | Microphone | Emile Berliner | American |
| 1877 | Electric welding | Elihu Thomson | American |
| 1877 | Refrigerator car | G.F. Swift | American |
| 1878 | Cream separator | Carl Gustav de Laval | Swedish |
| 1878 | Cathode ray tube | Sir William Crookes | British |
| 1879 | Cash register | James J. Ritty | American |
| 1879 | Light Bulb (Incandescent filament) | Thomas Alva Edison Sir Joseph Wilson Swan | American British |
| 1879 | Automobile engine (two-cycle) | Karl Benz | German |
| 1879 | Arc lamp | Charles Francis Bush | American |
| 1880 | Linotype | Ottmar Mergenthaler | American |
| 1884 | Steam turbine | C.A. Parsons | English |
| 1884 | Rayon (nitrocellulose) | Comte Hilaire Bernigaud de Chardonnet | French |
| 1884 | Multiple-wheel steam turbine | Sir Charles Algernon Parsons | British |
| 1884 | Nipkow disk (mechanical television scanning device) | Paul Gottlieb Nipkow | German |
| 1884 | Fountain pen | Lewis Edson Waterman | American |
| 1885 | Automobile (w/ int.combustion engine) | Karl Benz andGottlieb Daimler | German |
| 1885 | Graphophone (dictating machine) | Chichester A. Bell and Charles Sumner Tainter | American |
| 1885 | AC transformer | William Stanley | American |
| 1887 | Air-inflated rubber tire | J.B. Dunlop | Scottish |
| 1887 | Gramophone (disk records) | Emile Berliner | American |
| 1887 | Gas mantle | Baron Carl Auer von Welsbach | Austrian |
| 1887 | Mimeograph | Albert Blake Dick | American |
| 1887 | Monotype | Tolbert Lanston | American |
| 1887 | Automated Electric Elevator | Alexander Miles | American |
| 1888 | Adding machine (recording) | William Seward Burroughs | American |
| 1888 | Kodak camera | George Eastman | American |
| 1889 | Steam turbine | C.G. de Laval | Swedish |
| 1890 | Rayon (cuprammonium) | Louis Henri Despeissis | French |
| 1891 | Glider | Otto Lilienthal | German |
| 1891 | Motion picture camera (kinetograph) | Thomas Alva Edison William K. L. Dickson | American British |
| 1891 | Motion picture viewer (kinetoscope) | Thomas Alva Edison William K. L. Dickson | American British |
| 1891 | Synthetic rubber | Sir William Augustus Tilden | British |
| 1892 | AC motor | Nikola Tesla | American |
| 1892 | Three-color camera | Frederick Eugene Ives | American |
| 1892 | Rayon (viscose) | Charles Frederick Cross | British |
| 1892 | Vacuum bottle (Dewar flask) | Sir James Dewar | British |
| 1893 | Photoelectric cell | Julius Elster Hans F. Geitel | German |
| 1893 | Diesel engine | Rudolf Diesel | German |
| 1893 | Gasoline automobile | Charles Edgar Duryea and J. Frank Duryea | American |
| 1894 | Motion picture projection | Louis Jean Lumière and Auguste Marie Lumière Charles Francis Jenkins | French American |
| 1895 | X-ray | Wilhelm Konrad Röntgen | German |
| 1895 | Rayon (acetate) | Charles Frederick Cross | British |
| 1895 | Wireless telegraph | Marchese Guglielmo Marconi | Italian |
| 1896 | Experimental airplane | Samuel Pierpont Langley | American |
| 1898 | Sensitized photographic paper | Leo Hendrik Baekeland | American |
| 1900 | Rigid dirigible airship | Graf Ferdinand von Zeppelin | German |
| 1902 | Radiotelephone | Valdemar Poulsen Reginald Aubrey Fessenden | Danish American |
| 1903 | Airplane | Wilbur Wright and Orville Wright | American |
| 1903 | Windshield wipers | Mary Anderson | American |
| 1903 | Electrocardiograph | Willem Einthoven | Dutch |
| 1905 | Diode rectifier tube (radio) | Sir John Ambrose Fleming | British |
| 1906 | Gyrocompass | Hermann Anschütz-Kämpfe | German |
| 1907 | Triode amplifier tube (radio) | Lee De Forest | American |
| 1908 | Cellophane | Jacques Edwin Brandenberger | Swiss |
| 1908 | Two-color motion picture camera | C. Albert Smith | British |
| 1909 | Salvarsan | Paul Ehrlich | German |
| 1910 | Plastic synthesized (Bakelite) | Leo H. Baekeland | American |
| 1910 | Hydrogenation of coal | Friedrich Bergius | German |
| 1910 | Gyroscopic compass and stabilizer | Elmer Ambrose Sperry | American |
| 1911 | Air conditioning | W.H. Carrier | American |
| 1911 | Vitamins | Casimir Funk | Polish |
| 1911 | Cellophane | Jacques Edwin Brandenberger | Swiss |
| 1911 | Neon lamp | Georges Claude | French |
| 1912 | Mercury-vapor lamp | Peter Cooper Hewitt | American |
| 1913 | Ramjet engine | René Lorin | French |
| 1913 | Multigrid electron tube | Irving Langmuir | American |
| 1913 | Cracked gasoline | William Meriam Burton | American |
| 1913 | Heterodyne radio receiver | Reginald Aubrey Fessenden | American |
| 1914 | Gas-Mask (Hood) | Garrett Morgan | American |
| 1915 | Automobile self-starter | Charles Franklin Kettering | American |
| 1916 | Browning gun (automatic rifle) | John Moses Browning | American |
| 1916 | Gas-filled incandescent lamp | Irving Langmuir | American |
| 1916 | X-ray tube | William David Coolidge | American |
| 1919 | Mass spectrograph | Sir Francis William Aston Arthur Jeffrey Dempster | British American |
| 1922-26 | Sound motion pictures | T.W. Case | American |
| 1922 | Insulin | Sir Frederick Grant Banting | Canadian |
| 1923 | Autogiro | Juan de la Cierva | Spanish |
| 1923 | Television iconoscope | Vladimir Kosma Zworykin | American |
| 1923 | Three-way Traffic Signal | Garrett Morgan | American |
| 1924 | Quick-frozen food | Clarence Birdseye | American |
| 1925 | Television image dissector tube | Philo Taylor Farnsworth | American |
| 1926 | Aerosol can | Erik Rotheim | Norwegian |
| 1926 | Liquid-fuel rocket | Robert Hutchings Goddard | American |
| 1927 | Paints & Stains from soybeans | George W. Carver | American |
| 1927-9 | Universe is Expanding | George LeMaitre Edwin P. Hubble | Belgian American |
| 1928 | Penicillin | Sir Alexander Fleming | British |
| 1930 | Bathysphere | (Charles) William Beebe | American |
| 1930 | Freon (low-boiling fluorine compounds) | Thomas Midgley and coworkers | American |
| 1930 | Modern gas-turbine engine | Sir Frank Whittle | British |
| 1930 | Neoprene (synthetic rubber) | Father Julius Arthur Nieuwland and Wallace Hume Carothers | American |
| 1931 | Cyclotron | Ernest Orlando Lawrence | American |
| 1931 | Differential analyzer (analogue computer) | Vannevar Bush | American |
| 1932 | Phase contrast microscope | Frits Zernike | Dutch |
| 1932 | Van de Graaff generator | Robert Jemison Van de Graaff | American |
| 1933 | Frequency modulation (FM) | Edwin Howard Armstrong | American |
| 1935 | Buna (synthetic rubber) | German scientists | German |
| 1935 | Radiolocator (radar) | Sir Robert Watson-Watt | British |
| 1935 | Cortisone synthesized | Percy Julian, Edward Kendall Tadeus Reichstein | Americans Swiss |
| 1935 | Electron microscope | German scientists | German |
| 1935 | Sulfanllamide | Gerhard Domagk | German |
| 1935 | Nylon | Wallace Hume Carothers | American |
| 1936 | Jet Engine Propulsion | Sir Frank Whittle Hans von Ohain | English German |
| 1936 | Twin-rotor helicopter | Heinrich Focke | German |
| 1937 | Snowmobile | Armand Bombardier | Canadian |
| 1938 | Ballpoint pen | Georg and Ladislao Biro | Hungarian |
| 1939 | DDT | Paul Müller | Swiss |
| 1939 | Helicopter | Igor Sikorsky | American |
| 1940 | Betatron | Donald William Kerst | American |
| 1941 | Turbojet aircraft engine | Sir Frank Whittle | British |
| 1942 | Guided missile | Wernher von Braun | German |
| 1942 | Nuclear reactor | Enrico Fermi | American |
| 1942 | Xerography | Chester Carlson | American |
| 1944 | V-2 (rocket-propelled bomb) | German scientists | German |
| 1945 | Atomic bomb | U.S. government scientists | American |
| 1945 | Streptomycin | Selman A. Waksman | American |
| 1946 | Digital computer, electronic | John Presper Eckert, Jr., and John W. Mauchly | American |
| 1947 | Holography | Dennis Gabon | English |
| 1947 | Chlormycetin | Mildred Rebstock | American |
| 1947 | Polaroid Land camera | Edwin Herbert Land | American |
| 1947 | Bathyscaphe | Auguste Piccard | Swiss |
| 1947 | Microwave oven | Percy L. Spencer | American |
| 1948 | Scintillation counter | Hartmut Kallmann | German |
| 1948 | Aureomycin | Benjamin Minge Duggar and Chandra Bose Subba Row | American |
| 1948 | Transistor | John Bardeen, Walter Houser Brattain, and William Shockley | American |
| 1949 | Ramjet airplane | René Leduc | French |
| 1950 | Color television | Peter Carl Goldmark | American |
| 1950 | NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) | Felix Bloch & Edward Purcell | American |
| 1952 | Hydrogen bomb | U.S. government scientists | American |
| 1952 | Bubble chamber (nuclear particle detector) | Donald Arthur Glaser | American |
| 1953 | Maser | Charles Townes | American |
| 1953 | Structure of DNA described | James Watsonand Francis Crick | AmericanEnglish |
| 1954 | Solar battery | Bell Telephone Laboratory scientists | American |
| 1954 | Polio vaccine | Jonas Salk | American |
| 1955 | Synthetic diamonds | General Electric scientists | American |
| 1955 | Carbon dating | W.F. Libby | American |
| 1955 | Optical fibers | Narinder S. Kapany | Indian |
| 1956 | Hovercraft | Christopher Cockerell | English |
| 1956 | First prototype rotary engine | Felix Wankel | German |
| 1956 | Videotape | Charles Ginsberg, Ray Dolby | American |
| 1957 | Sodium-cooled atomic reactor | U.S. government scientists | American |
| 1957 | Artificial earth satellite | USSR government scientists | Soviet |
| 1958 | Communications satellite | U.S. government scientists | American |
| 1959 | Integrated circuit | Jack Kilby, Robert Noyce | American |
| 1960 | Laser | Charles Hard Townes, Arthur L. Schawlow, and Gordon Gould | American |
| 1960 | Chlorophyll synthesized | Robert Burns Woodward | American |
| 1960 | Birth-control pill | Gregory Pincus, John Rock, and Min-chueh Chang | American |
| 1962 | Light-emitting diode (LED) | Nick Holonyak, Jr. | American |
| 1964 | Liquid-crystal display | George Heilmeier | American |
| 1965 | Kevlar technology | Stephanie Kwolek | American |
| 1966 | Artificial heart (left ventricle) | Michael Ellis DeBakey | American |
| 1966 | Tunable dye laser | Mary Spaeth | American |
| 1967 | Human heart transplant | Christiaan Neethling Barnard | South Africa |
| 1969 | Internet (initially "ARPAnet") | Leonard Kleinrock | American |
| 1970 | First full synthesis of a gene | Har Gobind Khorana | American |
| 1971 | Microprocessor | Ted Hoff | American |
| 1971 | Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging | Raymond Damadian | American |
| 1972 | Electronic pocket calculator | J.S. Kilby and J.D. Merryman | American |
| 1972 | First magnetohydrodynamic power generator | USSR government scientists | Soviet |
| 1973 | Skylab orbiting space laboratory | U.S. government scientists | American |
| 1974 | Ethernet | Robert M. Metcalfe & D.R. Boggs | American |
| 1974 | Recombinant DNA (genetic engineering) | U.S. scientists | American |
| 1975 | CAT (computerized axial tomography) scanner | Godfrey N. Hounsfield | British |
| 1975 | Fiberoptics | Bell Laboratories | American |
| 1976 | Computer (personal) | Steve Wozniak | American |
| 1976 | Supercomputer | J.H. Van Tassel and Seymour Cray | American | 1977 | MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) | Paul Lauterbur and Peter Mansfield | American |
| 1978 | Synthesis of human insulin genes | Roberto Crea, Tadaaki Hirose, Adam Kraszewski, and Keiichi Itakura | American |
| 1978 | Mammal to mammal gene transplants | Paul Berg, Richard Mulligan, and Bruce Howard | American |
| 1979 | Compact disc | Joop Sinjou Toshi Tada Doi | Dutch Japanese |
| 1979 | Genetic flaw repaired in mouse cells by recombinant DNA and micromanipulation techniques | W. French Anderson and coworkers | American |
| 1981 | Space transportation system (space shuttle) | National Aeronautics and Space Administration engineers | American |
| 1982 | Artificial heart | Robert K. Jarvik | American |
| 1983 | Scanning tunneling microscope | Gerd Binnig Heinrich Rohrer | German Swiss |
| 1986 | High-temperature superconductors | J. Georg Bednorz Karl A. Müller | German Swiss |
| 1992 | Magnetic boat | Yoshiro Saji | Japanese |
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