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Green Berets (US Army Special Forces)
On June 19, 1952, was the first US Army
Special Force 2.300-man unit founded, by Colonel Aaron Bank. The
new unit got the designation 10th Special Force Group (Airborne),
and was located at Fort Bragg. The newly formed unit was derived
from the OSS (Office of Strategic Services), Airborne troops,
ex-ranger troops and combat veterans from the W.W.II. The primary
mission of the Special Forces, in Bank's own words, was "To
infiltrate by land, sea or air, deep into enemy-occupied
territory and organise the resistance/guerrilla potential to
conduct Special Forces operations, with emphasis on guerrilla
warfare". Other Special Forces missions were raids deep in
enemy-territory, intelligence missions and counter insurgency
operations.
Bank's wanted to create a unit, different from the US Rangers. The Rangers hit hard and fast, then get out so larger forces could follow up on their attack. Bank's troops could spend months deep in enemy-occupied territory. They had to know how to survive with limited resupply. At the end of 1952 were the first Special Force troops sent to Korea.
On November 11, 1953, at this time was the Cold War at it's chilliest and workers had revolted in communist East Germany. It was then quickly decided that the 10th SFGA was needed in Europe. The 10th SFGA was split into two units. The one half of the 10th SFGA was sailed to Europe, to be permanently deployed to Bad Tolz in West Germany. The remaining unit at Fort Bragg redesignated 77th Special Force Group. The army had seen a need for the Special Forces, and during the 1950s the number of Special Forces units continued to grow. In the mid-1950s the SF saw a need for SF units in Southeast Asia, due to the raising trouble there. Two training teams were sent from the 77th SFGA to Japan. They conducted training missions in several South-East Asian countries, including South Vietnam. In 1957 the two training teams formed the 1st SFGA in Okinawa, Japan. The 1st SFGA started in late 1957 to sent troops to South Vietnam as advisors.
In June, 1960, were the 77th SFGA renamed as 7th SFGA. President John F. Kennedy visited the Fort Bragg. He liked what he saw, when he inspected the SF. As a show of his appreciation of the SF troops, he led them wear the green beret as their official headgear, which they had wanted for a long time. In mutual respect, they renamed their training school the John F. Kennedy Special Warfare Center.
After the SF pulled out of Vietnam in 1971, their number were reduced. New training programs were started, and the SF went through some changes. In July were the 1st Special force Operational - Detachment Delta formed, due to the raising threat of terrorist. The 1st SFOD is better know as Delta Force. Another counter-terrorist unit called 'Blue Light' was formed in 1977, but was disbanded a year after. They were only needed until the Delta Force was fully operational.
During the 1980s the SF teams were deployed several places around the world. Their mission varied from allied troop training to humanitarian help. Elements from the 7th SFGA were deployed in Honduras and El Salvador, to train local troops in counterinsurgency operations. The SF was called to assist Army units in Operation Just Cause, the invasion of Panama in December 1989.
Stationed: HQ: Fort Bragg,
North Carolina
Weapons: M16A2, M4 Carbine, M203 (M16 w/ 40mm grenade launcher),
Beretta M-9, Sig Sauer P-226, P-228 (M-10), M-1911A1, H&K
SOCOM Pistol and H&K MP-5 types.
Picture: Two SF troops in and on a klepper kayak.
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