| 47:1 |
 (Concerning) non-kosher wine (lit: their wine) in our time,
and also the touch of an idolator
on our wine.
Some say that the prohibition
is only on drinking
but not on having benefit.
Therefore, a Jew may
take as payment for a debt
non-kosher wine,
because it's like saving it from their hands.
This is the law in all cases of (financial) loss
e.g one passed by and bought (on an impulse).
However, at the outset,
it is forbidden to purchase (such wine)
in order to make a profit.
There are some who are lenient
also about this,
but it is better to be stringent. |
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| 47:2 |
It is allowed to prepare a bath (for medical reasons)
from non-kosher wine.
for a sick person,
even if they are not dangerously (ill). |
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| 47:3 |
Kosher wine which has been cooked (pasteurised)
- i.e., that it was boiled
so that some has evaporated
from the boiling -
if then touched by an idolator
is permitted even for drinking.
However,
wine to which has been added,
to make it bitter, what is called
"vermouth" or wormwood (absinthe),
as long as it is still called "wine"
and has not been boiled,
is (still) forbidden (after being touched by an idolator). |
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| 47:4 |
Cooked food
into which wine was mixed,
but is not recognizable [as wine],
even if it has not yet been boiled,
does not become forbidden
when touched by an idolator. |
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| 47:5 |
Diluted wine
- i.e., if there is
six parts water (to one of wine)
- the wine is free (from these prohibitions),
and does not become forbidden
from the touch of an idolator.
However, raisin wine
- i.e., (made) by pouring water
over raisins
- is considered wine in all regards. |
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| 47:6 |
"Temed" (grape-skin wine)
- which is made by pouring water
over grape pips
or over the (wine) dregs
as long as it is tasty to drink
does not avoid being prohibited
if touched by
an idolator. |
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| 47:7 |
When grapes are pressed in a vat,
since (juice) has flowed from them,
even slightly,
- or, one has taken out
some wine in a container
- all (the mixture) is considered wine.
It becomes forbidden if touched by an idolator,
even if the latter only touched
the grape pips
or the (wine) dregs.
Accordingly,
vats of pressed grapes,
that are stored in an idolator's home,
are forbidden,
because maybe he took (wine) from them.
It is forbidden to press (grapes)
by an idolator
even if the vat is sealed. |
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| 47:8 |
One should avoid
having the grape pips and skins removed
from the vat
by an idolator.
Even after one has already taken out
the first and second (grades of wine),
in case there is on them
still drops of wine. |
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| 47:9 |
An idolator
that poured water into wine,
if the intention was for serving (as a drink)
it is forbidden to be drunk.
If he did not intend to serve it,
even if there is a doubt about this,
it is permitted. |
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| 47:10 |
Vinegar wine,
made from kosher wine,
if it is so strong
that it bubbles
when poured on the ground,
does not become prohibited
if touched by an idolator.
However, if it (the vinegar) is made
from non-jewish wine
it remains forbidden forever. |
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| 47:11 |
Brandy also
that was made from non-jewish wine
and similarly, the pips,
skins,
and dregs (from such wine)
is treated as wine itself.
However, that made from kosher wine
and then turned into brandy,
the touch of an idolator does not
make it prohibited. |
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| 47:12 |
(Concerning) wine salt [i.e. tartaric acid],
the custom has become widespread,
to allow (its' use),
since it is not tasty at all. |
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| 47:13 |
If the contact by an idolator
is via another object
or (the wine touched him) by itself
a competent Rabbinic authority should be consulted. |
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| 47:14 |
(A Jew) who sends wine
by an idolator
must be careful
that every place with a tap
or the mouth (of the container)
is sealed
with a double seal. |
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| 47:15 |
A Jew who makes
wine, which belongs to an idolator,
in a kosher manner,
in order to sell to other Jews
- there are different laws about this case -
at times, even two seals
and a lock
are not sufficient.
A competent Rabbinic authority should be consulted,
to find out what to do.
A G-d fearing person
should avoid wine like this. |
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| 47:16 |
Concerning containers of non-Jewish wine.
If they are containers
that are not used to hold wine
except for a short period,
and the non-Jewish wine was not held in them
for 24 hours,
whether they are of leather
or of wood
or of glass
or of stone
or of metal,
and are not lined with pitch,
they should be washed thoroughly with water
three times
and then may be used.
If they are lined with pitch,
then different rules apply to them.
Similarly earthenware containers
have different rules. |
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| 47:17 |
Containers which are made
to store wine for a long time
- i.e., they are made specially
to hold in them wine
for three days or more.
Even if the container
belonged to a Jew,
if an idolator used them to store wine
for even a short time,
they must be kashered
by the process of "eirui" (pouring off).
As follows:
The container should be filled with water
to the point of overflowing.
then stand for at least
twenty-four hours
from one day to the next.
Then this water is poured out
and water poured in a second time.
This also stands for at least a whole day,
and then repeat a third time.
There is no need
for these three 24-hour periods
to be consecutive.
If water was left in
for some days, without being poured out,
this is not counted
except as one day only.
Certain opinions maintain
that if the (non-kosher) wine was there
for (more than) 24 hours,
"eirui" is not sufficient,
because such a period
is equivalent to cooking.
So "hag'oloh" (purging with boiling water) is needed.
If there is no great difficulty,
this stringency should be followed. |
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| 47:18 |
Glass containers,
since they are smooth
and hard, [and so do not absorb wine,]
even if
they had (non-jewish) wine for a long time
it is sufficient ("eirui" (pouring off) is not needed)
to wash them three times. |
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| 47:19 |
A container that had in it
Jewish wine
and then the wine was poured out.
(And then) while the container was still
moist (from wine residue),
in order to lift it,
it was touched by an idolator.
It is sufficient to wash it three times,
even though this container
was used to store wine for an extended period. |
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| 47:20 |
It is sufficient to wash (the container)
or "eirui" (pouring off)
provided it was not used
except for cold (non-jewish) wine.
But if it was used
for hot (non-jewish wine)
"hag'oloh" (purging with boiling water) is needed,
like the other prohibited (things). |
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| 47:21 |
Wine presses
even though one does not store in them
wine for a long time,
since they are used
for large quantities of wine,
(the laws about them) are severe.
A competent Rabbinic authority should be consulted
as to how to kasher them. |
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| 47:22 |
All containers
that have been left twelve months without use
are permitted,
for it is certain that there no longer exists
any moisture of wine [absorbed) within them.
Even if water was put in them
during the twelve months,
this changes nothing. |
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