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Buffalo Buffalo

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Laws of the Hunt.

Metis Bar

  1. No buffalo to be run on the Sabbath-Day.


  2. No party to fork off, lag behind, or go before, without permission.


  3. No person or party to run buffalo before the general order.


  4. Every captain with his men, in turn, to patrol the camp, and keep guard.


  5. For the first trespass against these laws, the offender to have his saddle and bridle cut up.


  6. For the second offence, the coat to be taken off the offender's back, and be cut up.


  7. For the third offence, the offender to be flogged.


  8. No one can leave with hunt and return home without permission.


  9. No one is permitted to stir until any animal or property of value, supposed to be lost, is recovered.


  10. The policemen, at the order of the captains, can seize any cart at night-fall and place it where they choose for the public safety, but on the following morning they are compelled to bring it back to the spot from which they moved it the previous evening.


  11. A heavy fine is imposed for neglecting to extinguishing fires when the camp is broken up in the morning.


  12. Any person convicted of theft, even to the value of a sinew, to be brought to the middle of the camp, and the crier to call out his or her name three times, adding the word "Thief", at each time.


Each hunt was run by one leader and 10 captains. While on the hunt, everyone was subject to the laws of the hunt-which were strictly enforced by the leader and captains. When camp was set up for the night, the men and officials would hold an evening council to discuss the events of that day and the line of march for the next.

In 1873, the Council of St. Laurent incorporated these as the laws for their new governing body. A few changes were made to the original:

  • authorizing the raising of money by taxing households.
  • additional laws and penalties for dishonouring women
  • regulation of lighting fires on the prairie in summer

On January 27, 1875 the Council passed new laws regulating the buffalo hunt: prohibiting anyone from leaving behind unused buffalo carcasses. The amendment signified a genuine concern on the part of the Metis for their future, which was still heavily dependent upon the rapidly diminishing buffalo.


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