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El Salvador is divided roughly into three geographical regions running east to west. The Sierra Madre mountain chain fills the interior highlands bordering Honduras and Guatemala. The mountains are low and old, and are sparsely populated. The central region consists of high valleys separated by mountains and volcanoes. Most of El Salvador's major cities and its best farmland, including many coffee plantations on the lower volcanic slopes, are located here. The coastal plain is narrow but fertile, dotted with a few port cities and farms and lined with beaches. El Salvador is situated in the tropics, where the climate remains more or less constant throughout the year but rainfall changes greatly with the seasons. In fact, the temperature changes more from day to night than it does from season to season.
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