So, you want to make a Web Page!- Lesson 4

So, you want to make a Web Page!
Lesson 4

Let's learn about links.
It's really very simple. We'll make a link to Yahoo.
Start with this...
<BODY BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF"> Go to Yahoo! </BODY>

Go to Yahoo!

Then add a pair of anchor tags.
<BODY BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF"> Go to <A>Yahoo!</A> </BODY>

Go to Yahoo!

Add the URL and you're done! URL Stands for Universal Resource Locator. That's a big fancy phrase that the computer people came up with. They tend to do that alot. A URL is just an address.
<BODY BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF"> Go to <A HREF="http://www.yahoo.com/">Yahoo!</A> </BODY>

Go to Yahoo!

Let's do one more.
<BODY BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF"> Go to Netscape! </BODY>

Go to Netscape!

<BODY BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF"> Go to <A HREF="http://home.netscape.com/">Netscape!</A> </BODY>

Go to Netscape!

An email link works the same way. We just use an email address instead of a page address.
<BODY BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF"> Send me <A HREF="mailto:forrest@bubbagump.com">Mail!</A> </BODY>

Send me Mail!

We can make an image a link if we want. Using the 'Go to Netscape!' example above we simply substitute an <IMG> tag for the word Netscape!
<BODY BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF"> Go to <A HREF="http://home.netscape.com/"><IMG SRC="copper.gif" WIDTH=82 HEIGHT=68></A> </BODY>

Go to

A frequent question I get is how do you get rid of that annoying blue border around the image when you make it a link? Simple...
<BODY BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF"> Go to <A HREF="http://home.netscape.com/"><IMG SRC="copper.gif" WIDTH=82 HEIGHT=68 BORDER=0></A> </BODY>

Go to
One more note about links... It is perfectly acceptable to link to someones page(s) without asking. Links are what makes the Web the Web.
When you include images on your page, remember that they contain alot of data and therefore can be slow to load. One way to reduce the size (by size I mean Kb) is to reduce the dimensions. Cutting the length and width in half results in an image only 1/4 the size in Kb. Also you can reduce the number of colors. Here are a few examples:

Dimensions 310 x 304
# of colors- 238
Size - 69 Kb

Dimensions 207 x 203
# of colors- 238
Size- 34 Kb Dimensions 207 x 203
# of colors- 48
Size - 19 Kb
All image editing was done with Paint Shop Pro.

Now granted, the first one is a larger, nicer and better quality picture, but think of it this way... if your page takes forever to load your visitors will probably leave and they won't see anything.
Gif Wizard is a very helpful tool from Raspberry Hill Publishing that will help you reduce the size of your images. (Note that the GIF Wizard is not a part of this tutorial. It is a program that resides on a computer at Raspberry Hill Publishing. This is simply an interface. Also you must be online to use it.)

Step 1     One way or another they need to get your image. You have 2 options...
Option A: You can type in the URL of an image that is posted to a web server (the URL of the image... not the URL of the page that it's on). Netscape users right click on an image in a web page and choose Copy Image Location. This copies the image's URL to the clipboard. From there you just paste it into the window

- OR -
Option B: You can send them the image straight off your hard drive. Definitely the "cool" way to do it. (Not supported by MS Internet Explorer)

Step 2
A & B
both are optional     A) You can pick the appropriate background color. It is preset for white. "ND" colors are non-dithering. If not sure what to do here, just do nothing.
Red Green Blue
B) Your image can be resized if you'd like. Enter the new image size expressed either in pixels or as a percentage. Leave blank for no dimension changes.
Width=          Height=

Step 3
You will get back several versions of your image in varying degrees of "shrunkenness".

Another option that can be used if you want to offer alot of imagery is to provide thumbnails that link to larger versions of the image. Let's suppose that I want to offer three very nice pictures of let's say a few of my cars (I wish).

Click on the thumbnail to see a larger image
The first thing you need to do is fire up your image editor and make smaller versions of your images. It would also help to reduce the color depth. This bit about making a smaller version is very important. I have seen many instances of someone trying to make a thumbnail by simply reducing its dimensions in the <IMG> tag. All this does is load the full image into a smaller space. What you need to do is create a smaller copy of the image and use that as a link to the big image.
Let's do one. I think we'll use the Corvette (that's the blue one if there's anyone out there that for some silly reason doesn't know). Put the full sized image and the small image in your working folder. Once again, Netscape users right click & save as.
Start with your <IMG> tag.
<BODY BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF"> <IMG SRC="car1a.gif" WIDTH=87 HEIGHT=60> </BODY>

Add your <A> tags.
<BODY BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF"> <A><IMG SRC="car1a.gif" WIDTH=87 HEIGHT=60></A> </BODY>

And add the URL and bingo, you're done!
<BODY BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF"> <A HREF="car1.jpg"><IMG SRC="car1a.gif" WIDTH=87 HEIGHT=60></A> </BODY>

You can, if you want, get rid of the blue border. Although, you may wish to keep it so that your viewers know that it is a link. It's up to you.
<BODY BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF"> <A HREF="car1.jpg"><IMG SRC="car1a.gif" WIDTH=87 HEIGHT=60 BORDER=0></A> </BODY>

Another way to link is to link not just to a page, but to a specific part of a page. Click here to be magically transported to where we first talked about URLs. Since it would be kind of hard to have you build an example, I'll just do the best I can to explain how it's done.
First start with the spot you want people to be transported to. Pick a word and wrap it in the <A> tags.
<A>Add</A> the URL and you're done!
Next give that spot a NAME.
<A NAME="upabit">Add</A> the URL and you're done!
What you have done is marked that spot. Now it can be referenced.
Now start building the link.
Click <A>here</A> to be magically transported...
Add the document to be referenced...
Click <A HREF="lesson04.html">here</A> to be magically transported...
And lastly, add the anchor NAME like so...
Click <A HREF="lesson04.html#upabit">here</A> to be magically transported...
And that's all there is to it! Not exactly brain surgery is it??
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Dimensions 310 x 304 # of colors- 238 Size - 69 Kb

Dimensions 207 x 203 # of colors- 238 Size- 34 Kb	Dimensions 207 x 203 # of colors- 48 Size - 19 Kb

Step 1		One way or another they need to get your image. You have 2 options... Option A: You can type in the URL of an image that is posted to a web server (the URL of the image... not the URL of the page that it's on). Netscape users right click on an image in a web page and choose Copy Image Location. This copies the image's URL to the clipboard. From there you just paste it into the window - OR - Option B: You can send them the image straight off your hard drive. Definitely the "cool" way to do it. (Not supported by MS Internet Explorer)

Step 2 A & B both are optional		A) You can pick the appropriate background color. It is preset for white. "ND" colors are non-dithering. If not sure what to do here, just do nothing. Red Green Blue B) Your image can be resized if you'd like. Enter the new image size expressed either in pixels or as a percentage. Leave blank for no dimension changes. Width= Height=

Step 3		You will get back several versions of your image in varying degrees of "shrunkenness".