This I article it's for the common of the people, I do not expose what must do breeders, since in those cases it is needed greater knowledge in questions like the character, possible defects of race that can inherit the dogs used for it crosses or it mounts, reproductive, technical capacities of young, results in work tests and exhibition, etc. Reason why this it articulated will serve basically to know terms that we possibly listen the veterinarian and thus to be familiarized with these.

Before thinking about it crosses it is good know how are our dog, reason why is important the serious visit to the veterinarian so that this it determines things like for example infertility, diseases that could happen to the young, etc.; Since we do not have to forget that the expert is the veterinarian.

An active sexual life is recommendable as much for the males as for the females.

Male 
He can mate at any time and he reaches the sexual maturity to the year of age. 

A male who has mounted returns safe of itself and can become more dominant front to other units. For that reason he quite often wants to show up his sexual necessity (with the legs from which arrives home, for example).

If the dog is not used like stallion, it is not necessary to give some diet him in special, but is recommendable that consumes a rich diet in calories (next I will include another section referred to the feeding)



Female 
In the females sexual desire goes associate to its instinct to perpetuate the species and this present two times at the year; In opposition to the male who can be available at any time. A female that has pregnant, even that has been only once in its life, fulfills its biological state natural, necessary to mature psychologically. A good change in the behavior in the females can even be detected.

The small breeds reach mature sexual between the 6 and ten months. While those of great race between the 18 and 24 months.

The physiology of the feminine reproductive apparatus is characterized by the presence of sexual periods: proestro, estrus, dioestrum and anestro -, its duration is of six months, which indicates two periods of sexual activity at year.

Proestro

It lasts average of 6 to 11 days and corresponds to the period of growth of the follicles in the ovary. There is a bloody vaginal secretion, increased of size of vulva, lost of the appetite and the attraction that exerts in the males, although it is not let mount and it can react aggressively and with attitudes of sum similar to those of the male.

Estrus

It lasts of 5 to 9 days and is the time in which the female accepts to be mounted, the signs are the traction towards a the males grows in intensity and if the region of the sacred one is pressed to him manually bends the back and moves the tail laterally, this is a clear signal of the to be mounted availability.

dioestrum

lasts between 56-58 days in pregnant female and 60 to 80 in the female without gestation. It is to say the beginning of the dioestrum is the first day after estrus when the female rejects the male, another sign is the diminution in the attraction that exerts in the males and the external genitals recover their normal dimensions.

Anestro

It is the period of rest of the reproductive apparatus, has an approximated duration of three months and means, this time the female enters a period of you inactivate ovarian. It is to say that east period finishes when it seems proestro again.

The ideal moment for the sum can be determined by means of tests, although they are not absolutely necessary if it is that they are possible to be defined by means of the observation of the female and are:

vaginal cytological analysis - this very scientist the explanation and as I before said this writing is for which we are amateurs, but basically consists of the observation of the hormonal influence.

progesterone index - is moderate the concentration of progesterone in the blood.

The first sexual period can happen inadvertent, by the absence of the vaginal flow. The interval between two cycles usually is regularized from the second period. Therefore it is advised to both wait for to the third fervor or years so that the female reaches the suitable age and that it lasted until the 6 or 7 years. The reproductive yield descends as of the sixth year, age that is the one that is advised as it limits after the childbirth, since to start off of seventh it increases the possibility of transmitting defects to the litter and risk for the female



The sexual act 
The sexual act goes preceded by deep olfactory recognition, accompanied by ritual games, is in this phase where the female shows its sexual consent.

The female shows a high degree of relaxation. Due to the greater weight of the male, the female feels but comfortable with slightly separated the back legs of the floor.

During the mating a device in globe form, located in the base of penis of the dog, is swollen preventing that both separates, providing a perfect connection.

In our days the dog this in narrow coexistence with the man, reason why many of their instincts or patrons of conduct can be lost, including the moment of the sum, reason why it can happen that it does not know that to do, and while discovers like is that it becomes can spend several days or definitively never obtain it. But it is not necessary to be fatalistic, is possible to be consulted to the veterinarian so that it says to us that to do.

The reason of this is; that in their natural state the dogs lived in herds and as much learned their social conducts as sexual by means of the observation, then when seeing the dominant male to mate the puppies they observed those conducts and they received them like conduct images, also influences quit the puppy at early age - that is very common -, and don’t drink the mother’s milk because the puppy receives little information on its genealogy.

They can also influence other external causes in this or of psychological type, reason why he is recommendable, as already it said, the intervention of the veterinarian