Page created 19 December 1998. Last updated Saturday 9 January 1999, 11:26 AM.
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Number since 20 Dec 1998.
Pentingnya pemahaman Ekonomi bagi semua orang
Kemampuan menilai kebijakan ekonomi sebagai suatu bentuk partisipasi masyarakat menggiring kearah pemerintahan yang bersih.
Sangat relevan dengan kondisi di Indonesia, apakah kebijakan ekonomi dijalankan pada jalur yang benar untuk bangkit dari krisis yang menyengsarakan.
Perlu semakin banyak kalangan yang menyadari dan semakin banyak yang menilai, kebijakan ekonomi yang bagaimana akan merengkuh keberhasilan masa depan reformasi.
Lihat juga:
Edisi Desember 1998
EURO: Dampaknya bagi Asia [Articles] (990107)
Aliran Modal dan Kebijakan Nilai Tukar (Rev.990109)
Kumpulan Pidato: Gagasan Otorita Moneter Internasional (Rev.981221)Edisi Oktober 1998
Riwayat Bantuan IMF
Hedge Fund LTCM
Kebijakan Pengendalian Devisa
Intervensi di Pasar Bebas
Do We Know Enough about Economics ? [Region, Dec 98]
by Gary H. Stern
Pemahaman ilmu ekonomi adalah pengetahuan yang vital bagi orang muda. Sama vitalnya seperti kemampuan baca-tulis. Majalah Region yang diterbitkan oleh Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis berpendapat bahwa pengertian ekonomi sangat penting dan perlu disebar luaskan kepada semua orang.
Pertama, sangat sedikit yang memahami pentingnya peranan Bank Sentral (Federal Reserve) dalam kebijaksanaan moneter yang begitu luas dampaknya bagi kehidupan masyarakat, serta pengertian mengenai peraturan perbankan dan pelayanan lembaga-lembaga keuangan. Kedua, yang mungkin lebih penting lagi ialah bahwa "melek-ekonomi" merupakan tolok ukur seberapa jauh orang menyadari tentang adanya kekuatan yang sangat berpengaruh terhadap kualitas hidup masyarakat.
Why Johnny Can't Choose....? [Region, Dec 98]
And what Johnny (and Jane) needs to know to understand the economy.
by David S. Dahl
Enam konsep dasar ilmu ekonomi diuraikan secara ringan agar dapat dipahami semua orang:
1. There is No Such Thing as a Free Lunch
2. Thinking Incrementally
3. Markets Coordinate Consumption and Production
4. Relative Price Changes Guide Decision-making
5. Trade Promotes Growth
6. Markets Can Fail
Students and others make economic decisions without mastering these six concepts and, for the most part, they make the right decision because they act in their best interest. So why is economic literacy necessary? Economic literacy sharpens their analytical skills.
To make sound decisions as individuals and as citizens, people, regardless how developed their economies, need to understand the advantages and disadvantages of a market-oriented system, and the choices or trade-offs arising from allocating scarce resources.
Many times people are unhappy with the prices that markets produce, but an economically literate person realizes that prices are important signals that reflect underlying changes in supply and demand. Consumers and producers respond to these signals in ways that make society better off.
Why It's Important to Understand Economics [Region, Dec 98]
by William Walstad
Economic literacy also gives people the tools for understanding their economic world and how to interpret events that will either directly or indirectly affect them. Nations benefit from having an economically literate population because it improves the public's ability to comprehend and evaluate critical issues. This understanding is especially important in democracies that rely on the active support and involvement of its citizens.
Some may think that economics is too difficult a subject to be taught to children and youth, and that such instruction should wait until college. Nothing could be more incorrect. No one would even think of making such an argument for math or science education.A primer on exchange rates [Forbes, November 2, 1998]
By Milton Friedman
Wild currency fluctuations are destabilizing the world economy and our own stock market. A great economist explains the play.
Penjelasan Friedman selaku pelopor moneterisme mengenai sistim nilai tukar memberi pedoman untuk pilihan yang masih valid setelah bencana krisis Asia. Apakah Otorita Moneter menjalankannya?
Of the three possible exchange rate regimes for a developing country, either a truly fixed rate with no national central bank or a floating rate plus a national central bank is preferable to a pegged exchange rate. That lesson emerges clearly from East Asia but is also supported by much earlier experience.Sekilas penjelasan paling mendasar mengenai kebijakan ekonomi moneter. Bagaimana kegunaan Bank Sentral, dan apa yang bisa dilakukan oleh Bank Sentral untuk mengendalikan perekonomian.The Bankers' Regime [The American Prospects, Nov-Dec 98]
by Robert B. Reich
Gambaran ringkas bagaimana mekanisme otorita moneter di AS - sebuah komisi dibawah Federal Reserve Board yang bernama Federal Open Market Committee - bekerja menentukan kebijaksanaan tingkat suku bunga. Dan bagaimana pula hubungan the Fed dengan Departemen Keuangan [Treasury Dept] dan IMF?
But now American foreign policy depends largely on global flows of money, and our apparatus for trying to influence these flows has almost nothing to do with the old apparatus. Here, too, decisions of the FOMC are increasingly important.
Prevailing interest rates in the United States play a critical role. Higher rates render America a relatively more attractive haven; lower rates, a less attractive one. Thus it is not entirely coincidental that the Asian crisis commenced only months after the FOMC raised interest rates slightly in March 1997.
.....this thumbnail sketch gives you the basic outline: decisions of the FOMC are not only affecting domestic policy in the United States but also are influencing global capital flows—to which officials at both the IMF and the Treasury are responding by pressuring other nations to alter their domestic policies. Thus it is that a small number of people—mostly economists and financial specialists—are exercising substantial influence over the lives of many millions.Cut U.S. Interest Rate Now [EPN Issue Brief, Jun 29, 1998]
How To Support The Yen And Save US Jobs At The Same Time
by Robert E. Scott and Robert A. Blecker
Bagaimana hubungan antara nilai tukar Dollar-Yen dan tingkat suku bunga. Bagaimana ancaman jatuhnya nilai Yen terhadap krisis keuangan di Asia, dan apa kaitannya dengan tingkat pengangguran di Amerika. Mengapa Amerika harus menurunkan suku bunga. Hal yang ternyata dilakukan sebanyak tiga kali berturut-turut pada bulan September, Oktober dan November yang lalu.There's Something about Macro
by Paul Krugman
Belajar sedikit ekonomi makro dari Professor Krugman. Konsep IS-LM masih penting dan tidak ada gantinya untuk uraian gejala ekonomi makro yang berlangsung sekarang.Lester Thurow on The Future of Capitalism
Speech at the World Affairs Council of Northern California
Membahas mengenai masa depan kapitalisme, Thurow menguraikan ada lima perubahan fundamental yang dikatakan sebagai transformasi struktural, yang sedang berlangsung.
- Berakhirnya komunisme
- Bergesernya industri dari basis sumber daya alam ke basis daya pikir manusia
- Demografi populasi dunia beralih ke generasi yang lebih tua
- Pergeseran menuju ekonomi global dengan bantuan teknologi transportasi dan komunikasi
- Pudarnya kekuasaan ekonomi tunggal yang dominan.
State of the Debate: PEDDLING KRUGMAN [The American Prospect Sep-Oct 1996]
by Robert Kuttner
OF ECONOMISTS AND LIBERALS: Paul Krugman Debates Robert Kuttner [The American Prospect Nov-Dec 1996]
A reply to Robert Kuttner, "Peddling Krugman," September-October 1996
Untuk memahami pemikiran pakar ekonomi, kedua artikel ini mengungkapkan perdebatan antara Paul Krugman dengan Robert Kuttner. Paul Krugman dipandang sebagai pakar yang berpengaruh dan sangat kredibel, terlebih lagi dengan pandangannya yang skeptis tentang "mitos Asia", terbukti setelah krisis Asia meletus. Maka refleksi yang dilancarkan oleh Kuttner tentang karya-karya Krugman yang justru menyerang nama-nama ekonom lainnya menjadi bacaan yang menarik. Bagi orang awam yang selalu lebih penting adalah apakah gagasan-gagasan para pakar itu bisa jalan atau hanya impian saja. Terlebih lagi menjadi semakin menyedihkan, apabila gagasan yang dilontarkan para pakar isinya cuma kritikan tanpa solusi yang mengarah kepada perbaikan.
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Page created 19 December 1998. Last updated Saturday 9 January 1999, 11:26 AM.
Produced with Webford 2.01.
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